One belt, one road, third years of market cooperation, to establish a new breakthrough in the constr

Since the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, the global society has suffered great damage, the number of confirmed cases and deaths in many countries has remained high, the human and property have suffered huge losses, and the world economy has experienced a rare overall recession since the 1930s. Under the epidemic situation, trust between countries has been weakened and antagonism has intensified. The process of globalization has undergone profound changes and has encountered unprecedented severe tests. The international situation and geopolitics that China is faced with have appeared unprecedented complex situation. based on the cold war thinking, the United States and some western countries have constantly provoked China in politics, created troubles in foreign investment, and even adopted direct or semi direct restrictive policies to politicize economic activities. One belt, one road project in China has one serious threat, one belt, one road, and many risks and challenges. It is imminent to adjust one belt, one road and adapt it to the new social development situation in the post epidemic era.



The author believes that one belt, one road, is necessary to promote the cooperation between the third parties, and to develop three parties or more parties in order to create a multi stakeholder community and form close stakeholders.



The emergence and development of the third party market cooperation has its own logic and conditions



As we all know, Premier Li Keqiang put forward the concept of "third party market cooperation" on behalf of China during his visit to Europe in June 2015, that is, by cooperating with relevant countries to carry out economic cooperation in the third-party market, each of them has his own advantages and his own merits, so as to achieve a win-win situation for all parties. By September 2019, China has signed 16 third-party market cooperation documents with 14 countries in Europe, Asia, North America and Oceania, and established relevant third-party market cooperation mechanisms.



However, it must be recognized that due to the short time for China to carry out "third-party market cooperation", many Chinese enterprises still have a lot of room to improve their understanding of such cooperation, and there is also a lot of room for further research.



Theoretically speaking, the emergence of third-party market cooperation has its own internal logic. Generally speaking, the usual trade theory pays attention to the competition brought by comparative advantage and the regulation in competition. However, for growing economies, comparative advantage is constantly changing, especially for different markets, different market demand composition will form different comparative advantages. It is because of such a structural change that different countries can find their own comparative advantages in the third-party market, thus forming cooperation.



In practice, the formation and development of third-party market cooperation is based on the following three prerequisites:



First of all, the great development of globalization is the basic prerequisite for the emergence of third-party market cooperation. The background of the third-party market cooperation is actually based on the rapid development of economic globalization since the second half of the 20th century, and this development actually stems from three factors: first, a series of agreements concluded under the framework of the general agreement on Tariffs and trade (GATT) - WTO (WTO), which promoted the reduction of tariff barriers and greatly promoted the international trade and investment; the second was the rapid development of economic globalization since the second half of the 20th century In recent decades, various kinds of powerful information platforms and communication platforms have been emerging, which has promoted the information technology revolution; thirdly, the financial and capital markets have been developing and expanding continuously, which makes the management of enterprises in the global scope more convenient. In this context, for enterprises whose business development scale has reached globalization, in industries dominated by seller's market, such as resource-based industry, represented by energy industry, because the project scale is usually large, the negotiation object is often a strong giant entity, usually not a super large enterprise, or a large state-owned enterprise or even the government of the country wher the project is located In this process, enterprises begin to realize that it is difficult for a single individual to bear all the risks and project costs, and it is also very difficult to take on the responsibility of obtaining all the financial resources required by the project. In this case, through the third-party market cooperation, enterprises from several different countries can jointly negotiate and cooperate to carry out projects.



Secondly, the third-party market cooperation should be based on the high degree of complementarity between partners in economy and technology. From the national point of view, the premise of cooperation between the two countries in the third-party market is that the two sides can form complementary industries, especially in the competitiveness of different fields, so that the basis of cooperation is greater than the basis of competition. The complementary technology can ensure that the competitive relationship between the two sides can be minimized. At the same time, in the implementation of the project, each construction director forms cooperation, so as to consolidate the cooperation between the two sides. Taking the third-party market cooperation between France and Japan since 1960s as an example, French enterprises mainly focus on the competitiveness of Japanese enterprises in the following aspects: first, project implementation strength and manufacturing capacity; second, diligence, quality awareness, flexibility and management skills; third, improving the precise industrial network. In the process of developing the cooperation between the third party and the French enterprises, the advantages of the third party are discussed